A buffer is used to equalize any differences between the sample matrix (serum, plasma, urine, cell culture fluid) and the diluent is used to generate the standard curve.

Just pipette diluent directly onto the plate before you add samples.

Cell Technology’s General Assay Diluent is formulated for use with serum and plasma samples in most antibody sandwich ELISA formats. General Assay Diluent contains proteins from goat sera to reduce nonspecific interactions that might occur between the sample matrix proteins and the plate surface, as well as the matrix differential between the serum/plasma sample and the diluent used to generate the standard curve. It also contains a proprietary calcium chelating agent designed to inhibit interference from complement and thrombin present in serum and plasma samples.

Cell Technology’s IgM Reducing Assay Diluent is formulated for use with problematic serum and plasma samples in most antibody sandwich ELISA formats. Proprietary additives have been included in EAD200 to reduce IgM-mediated conjugate bridging interference which can cause substantial background noise. This diluent contains proteins from goat sera to reduce nonspecific interactions that might occur between the sample matrix proteins and the plate surface. It also contains a proprietary calcium chelating agent designed to inhibit interference from complement and thrombin present in serum and plasma samples.

Cell Technology’s Nonmammalian-Based Assay Diluent for serum and plasma samples has been specially formulated for antigen-down ELISA formats. EAD contains a non-mammalian protein base designed to minimize nonspecific binding of the sample matrix to "sticky" adsorbed protein antigens. Specially selected detergents have also been added to enhance the specific signal without denaturing immobilized proteins, helpful when evaluating human, porcine, and bovine serum samples. EAD300 also contains proprietary additives designed to inhibit complement and thrombin activity present in serum and plasma samples. Nonmammalian-Based Assay Diluent does not contain any immunoglobulin-based components that could interfere with anti-IgG signal-generating formats.

Cell Technology's Antigen-Down Assay Diluent is specifically formulated for testing plasma and serum samples in antigen-down ELISA formats. Proprietary additives, including EDTA, have been incorporated into this diluent that eliminate the risk of plasma sample clots in the ELISA plate well while also minimizing nonspecific binding interactions associated with these complex matrices.